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Interstate 39

Route map:
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Interstate 39 marker
Interstate 39
Map
I-39 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by IDOT, ISTHA and WisDOT
Length306.14 mi[1] (492.68 km)
Existed1986–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
South end I-55 / US 51 in Normal, IL
Major intersections
North end US 51 / WIS 29 near Rothschild, WI
Location
CountryUnited States
StatesIllinois, Wisconsin
CountiesIL: McLean, Woodford, Marshall, LaSalle, Lee, Ogle, Winnebago
WI: Rock, Dane, Columbia, Marquette, Waushara, Portage, Marathon
Highway system
IL 38IL US 40
WIS 38WI WIS 39

Interstate 39 (I-39) is a highway in the Midwestern United States. I-39 runs from Normal, Illinois, at I-55 to State Trunk Highway 29 (WIS 29) in the town of Rib Mountain, Wisconsin, which is approximately six miles (9.7 km) south of Wausau.[2] I-39 was designed to replace U.S. Route 51 (US 51), which, in the early 1980s, was one of the busiest two-lane highways in the United States.[citation needed] I-39 was built in the 1980s and 1990s.

In Illinois, the route has a total length of 140.82 miles (226.63 km).[3] In Wisconsin, I-39 has a distance of 182 miles (293 km). From Rockford, Illinois, to Portage, Wisconsin, I-39 runs concurrently with I-90. In Wisconsin, I-94 joins the pair in Madison until Portage. At 29 miles (47 km) in length, this concurrency of three Interstates is the longest in the country. From Portage northward, US 51 is cosigned with the Interstate and has exit numbers based on its mileage.

Route description

[edit]

Illinois

[edit]
Aerial view of I-39 as it passes Minonk, Illinois, April 2012

In Illinois, I-39 begins at I-55, north of Bloomington–Normal, Illinois. I-39's southern terminus is less than one mile (1.6 km) from I-74 as I-74 runs around the city of Normal. From the city, I-39 runs north largely through rural areas, intersecting Illinois Route 251 (IL 251) at exit 8. About 55 miles (89 km) north of the city, I-39 crosses the Illinois River over the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Bridge, which is 1.3 miles (2.1 km) long.[4] Just north of the Illinois River, I-39 runs east of the cities of LaSalle and Peru before intersecting I-80 at exit 59. North of I-80, the wind turbines of the Mendota Hills Wind Farm can be seen from milepost 72 at Mendota north to near Paw Paw. I-39 intersects I-88 at exit 97 in Rochelle. Further north, I-39 crosses the Kishwaukee River before meeting US 20 on the southside of Rockford. I-39 then runs east concurrently with US 20 to where the Interstate joins the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway and I-90 near Cherry Valley. While concurrent, I-39/I-90 follows I-90's exit numbering. I-39/I-90 heads north to South Beloit. There is a toll plaza just south of Rockton Road. US 51 leaves I-39/I-90 at IL 75 at exit 1 in South Beloit, while I-39/I-90 continues north into Wisconsin.

For all but one mile (1.6 km) that I-39 is in Illinois, it is designated concurrently with US 51.

Wisconsin

[edit]

I-39 enters from Illinois along with I-90, passing under County Trunk Highway P (CTH-P, Stateline Road), and bypasses Beloit to the east. East of the town, the route has an interchange at exit 185 that serves as the terminus for both WIS 81, which heads westward into Beloit, and I-43, which provides access to Milwaukee.[5] The last interchange serving Beloit is CTH-S (Shopiere Road) at exit 183. The I-39/I-90 concurrency continues to the north and is joined by WIS 11 about seven miles (11 km) north of the I-43 interchange. WIS 11 leaves I-39/I-90 at exit 175, heading east. The highway bypasses Janesville to the east, although interchanges with US 14 and WIS 26 (Milton Avenue) provide access to the town. The highway continues generally to the north, crossing the Rock River before an interchange with WIS 59 that provides access to Edgerton to the west and Milton to the southeast.[5] Subsequently, the highway enters Dane County as it passes west of Lake Koshkonong. It is joined at exit 160 by US 51 from Edgerton and serves as the southern terminus of WIS 73. US 51 leaves the route four miles (6.4 km) to the north and heads west through Stoughton. The Interstate gradually turns westward around Utica to an interchange with CTH-N, providing access to Stoughton and Cottage Grove. It then turns gradually back to the north and meets US 12 and US 18 in Madison. I-39/I-90 bypasses Madison to the east, and I-94 joins the concurrency at the eastern terminus of WIS 30, an interchange known as the Badger Interchange.[6] About two miles (3.2 km) to the north, the highway crosses US 151, which includes a south side access to High Crossing Boulevard. The last two Madison area interchanges are US 51 three miles (4.8 km) northwest of the US 151 interchange and WIS 19 another one mile (1.6 km) northwest of the US 51 interchange. Access is provided to CTH-V (West North Street) via exit 126 just west of DeForest four miles (6.4 km) further north. I-39/I-90/I-94 enter Columbia County four miles (6.4 km) north-northwest of CTH-V.[5]

I-39/US 51 in northern Wisconsin

The Interstate crosses WIS 60 at an interchange three miles (4.8 km) north of the county line east of Lodi and CTH-CS at another interchange four miles (6.4 km) further north near Poynette. The highway crosses the Wisconsin River four miles (6.4 km) north of CTH-CS. At three miles (4.8 km) further along the route from the river, I-39 leaves the concurrency with I-90/I-94 at exit 108 and turns northward while the other two Interstates turn northwesterly. WIS 78 terminates at this interchange and heads southwest. This is the starting point of the segment of freeway that carries the I-39 route alone. The Interstate crosses WIS 33, the first of three interchanges accessing Portage, two miles (3.2 km) north of I-90/I-94. After crossing the Wisconsin River again, I-39 crosses the second interchange—this one with WIS 16—and turns northeasterly to an interchange with US 51. The U.S. Highway joins the Interstate, and both turn north once again and leave the Portage area and, after four miles (6.4 km), enter Marquette County.[5]

WIS 23 joins I-39/US 51 northbound, four miles (6.4 km) from the county line. The highway passes along Buffalo Lake and encounter a southside half interchange with CTH-D in the town of Packwaukee. WIS 23 leaves the concurrency to the east heading toward Montello at WIS 82 near Oxford, and the freeway takes a due north route to pass Westfield. I-39/US 51 enters Waushara County six miles (9.7 km) north of Westfield.[5] Four miles (6.4 km) north of the county line, I-39/US 51 junctions with WIS 21 in Coloma. I-39/US 51 meets an interchange in Hancock with CTH-V five miles (8.0 km) further north, and WIS 73 crosses in Plainfield after another five miles (8.0 km). This is two miles (3.2 km) south of the Portage County line.[5] In Portage County, I-39/US 51 take a due north trajectory, which provides access to CTH-D, CTH-W, and WIS 54 (also Business U.S. Highway 51 (Bus. US 51)) over 12 miles (19 km). The WIS 54 interchange and the CTH-B interchange 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of it provide access for Plover. The next four interchanges—CTH-HH, US 10 eastbound/WIS 66 westbound, Stanley Street, and Bus. US 51—provide access to Stevens Point. Among these interchanges, the freeway turns northwestward, bypassing the city to the east and north. I-39/US 51 crosses two more interchanges while in Portage County: Casimir Road four miles (6.4 km) northwest of Stevens Point,[7] and westbound US 10 two miles (3.2 km) north of Casimir Road. The freeway then parallels the Wisconsin River for six miles (9.7 km) to an interchange with CTH-DB east of Lake DuBay and one mile (1.6 km) south of the Marathon County line.[5]

Northern terminus of I-39 at the interchange with WIS 29 near Wausau

WIS 34 terminates at an interchange with I-39/US 51 in Knowlton three miles (4.8 km) northwest of the freeway's entry into Marathon County; the freeway turns due north from this interchange. WIS 153 crosses the freeway four miles (6.4 km) further north in Mosinee. Maple Ridge Road crosses after another two miles (3.2 km) as the freeway turns northeastward into Kronenwetter.[8] An interchange with Bus. US 51 is just south of the Wisconsin River crossing after four miles (6.4 km) from Maple Ridge Road. I-39 ends two miles (3.2 km) further north at the interchange with WIS 29 east just southwest of Wausau. US 51 continues north on the freeway after WIS 29 toward Merrill.[5]

History

[edit]

Illinois

[edit]

When the Interstate Highway System was first being planned, Illinois made a request for a north–south highway from South Beloit to Salem. The project was deemed a low priority and was shelved. US 51, which ran mostly down the middle of the state, became a heavily traveled two-lane arterial road, experiencing many crashes and earning the nickname "Killer 51".[9]

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a major supplemental freeway system plan was proposed, with the goal of providing Illinois residents access to freeways within 30 minutes or less. One of the proposed routes, FAP 412, was a route that would extend from US 20 in Rockford to I-57 just north of Salem, similar to the earlier requested route. Due to traffic counts, only the portion between Rockford and Decatur was prioritized.[10]

Over the course of the 1970s, planning for the US 51 supplemental freeway took place in earnest. However, debate ensued over what type of highway should be built. The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) wanted the entire highway built to Interstate Highway standards, but a transportation committee established to review the proposed supplemental freeway system recommended only Interstate construction between Rockford and I-80.[11] The highway from Oglesby south to Decatur was recommended to be an at-grade expressway, utilizing the existing road where possible. After a decade of lobbying by interest groups, it was announced in 1986 that US 51 would be rebuilt to Interstate standards from Oglesby to Normal.[12] However, due to funding concerns and local opposition, it was decided that the Bloomington to Decatur segment would not be built to Interstate standards; this segment was made a four-lane expressway.[13]

The first segment of the freeway opened 1984 from IL 5 (now I-88) in Rochelle, to US 20 in Rockford.[14] When the freeway was completed south from IL 5 to I-80 in 1986, IDOT officially requested an Interstate designation for the new highway, and I-39 was officially designated.[15] By December 1987, construction on the section of I-39 between I-80 and IL 251 was finished. The next section, between IL 251 and I-55 in Bloomington–Normal, was completed by 1992, although this stretch of the highway was opened in several phases as completed.[16] In December 1989, the section from Bloomington–Normal to Hudson opened, a distance of about 4.4 miles (7.1 km).[17] In early September 1992, another segment opened from IL 116 north to IL 17.[18]

Wisconsin

[edit]

In Wisconsin, the highway was officially designated in 1992.[19] In October 1993, AASHTO established part of I-39 in its northern section between Rockford and Rib Mountain, Wisconsin, then designated I-39 along existing portions of I-90, I-94, and US 51. However, this part of the highway was not marked as I-39 for another four years, primarily because the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) had to reconstruct the interchange connecting I-90 and I-94 with WIS 78 near Portage.[20] Signs denoting I-39 were placed along the highway in Wisconsin until 1996, when the section between Portage and Rib Mountain (near Wausau) received its signs.[19] This occurred after then–Governor Tommy Thompson designated the stretch between Portage and Wausau in 1996 after a five-year push to get the Interstate designation approved.[20] The remaining segment along I-90/I-94 was not signed for I-39 until late 1998.[19] The section between the I-90/I-94 interchange and US 51's interchange in Portage was previously a part of WIS 78. That route was truncated back to its current terminus when the Interstate's designation went into effect.[21] The designation of I-39 violated Wisconsin's rule of not having any state trunk highway number duplicated—Interstate, US, or state—as WIS 39 already existed.[19]

Exit list

[edit]
StateCountyLocationmi[22]kmExit[23]DestinationsNotes
IllinoisMcLeanNormal0.000.00

I-55 / US 51 south to I-74 – Chicago, St. Louis, Decatur, Peoria, Champaign
Southern terminus of I-39; southern end of US 51 concurrency; I-55 exit 164; Central Illinois Regional Airport
1.532.462

US 51 Bus. south (Main Street) – Bloomington, Normal
Hudson4.677.525 CR 12 (Franklin Street) – Hudson
Hudson Township7.7512.478
IL 251 north / CR 8 (Lake Bloomington Road) – Kappa
Southern terminus of IL 251
WoodfordEl Paso14.3523.0914 US 24 – Peoria, El Paso
Woodford22.3736.0022 IL 116 – Peoria, Pontiac
Minonk26.9443.3627 CR 2 – Minonk
MarshallWenona35.0256.3635 IL 17 – Lacon, Wenona
LaSalleLostant41.6066.9541 IL 18 – Henry, Streator
Tonica48.6778.3348 CR 54 (Reed Richardson Road) – Tonica
Eden Township51.7083.2051 IL 71 – Hennepin, Oglesby, Granville
52.4784.4452 IL 251 – Peru, LaSalle
Oglesby53.7986.5754Walnut Street – Oglesby
Illinois RiverAbraham Lincoln Memorial Bridge
La Salle56.7591.3357 US 6 (5th Street) – LaSalle, Peru, Ottawa
58.68–
59.46
94.44–
95.69
59 I-80 – Chicago, Des Moines, LaSalle, PeruSigned as exits 59A (east) and 59B (west); I-80 exit 79
Troy Grove66.16106.4766 US 52 – Troy Grove
Mendota72.09116.0272 US 34 – Mendota, Earlville
LeePaw Paw82.57132.8882 CR 10 (Chicago Road) – Paw Paw
Willow Creek Township87.34140.5687 US 30 – Sterling, Rock Falls, Aurora
Steward93.34150.2293 CR 2 (Perry Road) – Steward
OgleRochelle97.10–
97.79
156.27–
157.38
97

I-88 Toll / IL 110 (CKC) (Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway) – Moline, Rock Island, Chicago
Signed as exits 97A (east) and 97B (west); I-88 exit 78
99.46160.0799 IL 38 / Lincoln Highway – DeKalb, Rochelle
Lynnville Township104.50168.18104 IL 64 – Sycamore, Oregon
Monroe Center110.98178.60111 IL 72 – Genoa, Byron, Kingston
WinnebagoRockford Township115.49185.86115 CR 11 (Baxter Road)
Rockford119.05–
119.56
191.59–
192.41

US 20 west (Rockford Bypass) – Rockford, Freeport
Southern end of US 20 concurrency; Chicago Rockford International Airport
Cherry Valley122.17196.61122A
US 20 east – Belvidere
Northern end of US 20 concurrency
122BHarrison Avenue
122.90197.79

I-90 Toll east (Jane Addams Memorial Tollway) – Chicago
Southern end of I-90 concurrency; I-90 exit 17; I-39 uses I-90's exit numbers from here north
Rockford124.45200.2815
US 20 Bus. (State Street)
Last free exit northbound
127.77205.6312
CR 55 west (East Riverside Boulevard)
Toll on northbound exit and southbound entrance
Machesney Park131.31211.328 IL 173 (West Lane Road) – Machesney ParkToll on northbound exit and southbound entrance
Rockton136.71220.01South Beloit Toll Plaza 1
South Beloit137.53221.333 CR 9 (Rockton Road)Last free exit southbound; northwestern end of Jane Addams Memorial Tollway
139.93225.201
US 51 north / IL 75 – South Beloit
Northern end of US 51 concurrency
 140.25
0.00
225.71
0.00
Illinois–Wisconsin state line
WisconsinRockTown of Turtle2.483.99185B
I-43 north – Milwaukee
I-43 exits 0A-B southbound; former cloverleaf interchange; undergoing conversion to tri-stack interchange.
2.463.96185A
WIS 81 west (Milwaukee Avenue) – Beloit
Former cloverleaf interchange; undergoing conversion to diverging diamond interchange for access to/from 43 via County route X.
4.787.69183 CTH-S (Shopiere Road)
Town of La Prairie9.9516.01177
WIS 11 west (Avalon Road) – Janesville, Avalon
Southern end of WIS 11 concurrency; Southern Wisconsin Regional Airport
Janesville12.4920.10175




Alt. I-39 north / Alt. I-43 north (Racine Street) / WIS 11 east – Delavan
Northern end of WIS 11 concurrency; former Bus. US 14
15.61–
15.66
25.12–
25.20
171B

Alt. I-39 south / US 14 – Janesville
Formerly split into exits 171B (west) and 171C (east)
16.4126.41171A WIS 26 – Milton
Town of Fulton24.6239.62163 WIS 59 – Edgerton, Milton, Whitewater
DaneTown of Albion27.6044.42160
US 51 south / WIS 73 / WIS 106 – Edgerton, Deerfield
Southern end of US 51 concurrency
Town of Christiana31.3050.37156
US 51 north – Stoughton
Northern end of US 51 concurrency
Town of Pleasant Springs40.4065.02147 CTH-N – Stoughton, Cottage Grove
Town of Blooming Grove45.5473.29142 US 12 / US 18 (Beltline Highway) – Madison, CambridgeSigned as exits 142A (west) and 142B (east); US 12 exit 267
Madison49.3979.49138B
WIS 30 west – Madison
Left exit and entrance northbound; serves Dane County Airport; WIS 30 exit 3 eastbound and exit 240A westbound
49.7480.05138A
I-94 east – Milwaukee
Left exit and entrance southbound; southern end of I-94 concurrency; I-94 exit 240
51.7483.27135CHigh Crossing BoulevardNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
51.96–
52.00
83.62–
83.69
135B
US 151 north – Sun Prairie
Cloverleaf interchange
135A
US 151 south – Madison
Town of Burke55.2088.84132 US 51 (Stoughton Road) – Madison, De Forest
Community of Windsor56.6891.22131 WIS 19 – Waunakee, Sun Prairie
Town of Vienna60.9398.06126 CTH-V – Dane, De Forest
ColumbiaTown of Arlington67.97109.39119 WIS 60 – Lodi, Arlington, Columbus
Town of Dekorra71.99115.86115 CTH-CS – Poynette, Lake Wisconsin
Town of Caledonia78.63126.54

I-90 west / I-94 west – Wisconsin Dells
Northern end of I-90/I-94 concurrency; I-90 exit 108B
79.26127.5684
WIS 78 south – Merrimac
Signed as exit 108A northbound
79.73128.3185Cascade Mountain Road
Portage81.73131.5387 WIS 33 (Cook Street) – Portage, Baraboo
84.13135.3989
WIS 16 (Wisconsin Street) to WIS 127 – Portage, Wisconsin Dells, Columbus
Signed as exits 89A (east) and 89B (west) northbound
Town of Fort Winnebago85.79138.0792
US 51 south (New Pinery Road) – Portage
Southern end of US 51 concurrency; exit numbers from here north based on US 51's mileposts
MarquetteTown of Moundville94.43151.97100
WIS 23 west / CTH-P – Wisconsin Dells, Endeavor
Southern end of WIS 23 concurrency
Town of Oxford98.61158.70104 CTH-D – PackwaukeeNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
100.77162.17106

WIS 23 east / WIS 82 west – Oxford, Montello, Princeton, Packwaukee
Northern end of WIS 23 concurrency
Westfield107.32172.71113 CTH-E / CTH-J – Westfield, Harrisville, Princeton
WausharaColoma118.29190.37124 WIS 21 – Coloma, Necedah, Wautoma, Oshkosh, Tomah
Town of Hancock125.35201.73131 CTH-V – Hancock
Town of Plainfield130.94210.73136 WIS 73 – Plainfield, Wisconsin Rapids, Wautoma, Nekoosa
PortageTown of Pine Grove134.07215.76139 CTH-D – Almond
137.56221.38143 CTH-W – Bancroft, Wisconsin Rapids
Town of Plover145.91234.82151
WIS 54 (Post Road) / Bus. US 51 – Wisconsin Rapids, Plover, Waupaca
Village of Plover147.51237.39153 CTH-B (Plover Road) – Wisconsin Rapids, Plover, Amherst
150.53242.25156 CTH-HH (McDill Avenue) – Whiting, Stevens Point
Stevens Point152.71245.76158

US 10 east / WIS 66 west (Main Street) – Stevens Point, Waupaca, Appleton, Marshfield
Southern end of US 10 concurrency; southern end of WI 66 concurrency; signed as exits 158A (east) and 158B (west) northbound
153.94247.74159
WIS 66 east (Stanley Street) – Stevens Point, Rosholt
Northern end of WI 66 concurrency
155.76250.67161
Bus. US 51 (Division Street) – Stevens Point
Hull157.63253.68163Casimir RoadTo CTH-X
159.75257.09165
US 10 west – Marshfield
Northern end of US 10 concurrency
CTH-XFormer diamond interchange; removed for construction of US 10 exit
Town of Dewey165.39266.17171 CTH-DB – Knowlton, Lake DuBay
MarathonTown of Knowlton169.64273.01175 WIS 34 (Balsam Road) – Knowlton, Wisconsin Rapids
Mosinee173.57279.33179 WIS 153 – Mosinee, ElderonCentral Wisconsin Airport
Kronenwetter175.39282.26181Maple Ridge Road
Rothschild179.52288.91185
Bus. US 51 – Rothschild, Kronenwetter
Town of Rib Mountain182.14293.13187
WIS 29 east – Weston, Green Bay


US 51 north / WIS 29 west – Wausau, Chippewa Falls
Northern terminus;[24] northern end of US 51 concurrency; freeway continues as US 51/WIS 29
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ Starks, Edward (January 27, 2022). "Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways". FHWA Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  2. ^ "Overview Map of I-39" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  3. ^ Illinois Technology Transfer Center (2006). "T2 GIS Data". Illinois Department of Transportation. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  4. ^ Federal Highway Administration. "Structure 000050019120847". National Bridge Inventory. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on January 1, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2012.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Wisconsin Department of Transportation (2013). Official State Highway Map (PDF) (Map) (2013–2014 ed.). 1:823,680. Madison: Wisconsin Department of Transportation. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
  6. ^ Buschkopf, Jim. "I-94 reconstruction to be discussed September 19" (Press release). Wisconsin Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on August 27, 2008. Retrieved January 12, 2007.
  7. ^ "Casimir Road, Stevens Point, Wisconsin" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved January 12, 2008.
  8. ^ "Maple Ridge Road, Mosinee, Wisconsin" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved January 12, 2008.
  9. ^ Simpson, Kevin (November 3, 2002). "Rescuers Remember Killer Road". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. p. 1. Retrieved September 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ Illinois Department of Transportation (April 12, 1978). Priority Primary Routes (PDF) (Map). Illinois Department of Transportation. Retrieved March 23, 2010.
  11. ^ Wills, Bill (August 27, 1976). "Sides Square Off in Hearings on Freeway". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. p. 3. Retrieved September 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ Featherly, Marc (March 11, 1986). "Close Encounters on US 51 Trip". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. pp. A1, A5. Retrieved September 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ "Politics Helped Shelve US 51 Work". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. p. 34. Retrieved September 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "Interstate 39". Interstate Guide. AA Roads. July 29, 2008. Archived from the original on May 14, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2009.[self-published source]
  15. ^ Weingroff, Richard (October 15, 2013). "Part I: History". The Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways. Federal Highway Administration. "Interstate Route Additions Under 23 U.S.C. 139(a) As of 12/31/97" (table). Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  16. ^ Carlson, Rich (November 18, 2007). "Routes 21 through 40". Illinois Highways Page. Retrieved January 11, 2009.[self-published source]
  17. ^ Zehr, Melissa (March 8, 1991). "Interstate 39: Crews Work to Link Highway by 1992". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. p. 3. Retrieved September 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ Davis, Jenni (September 2, 1992). "I-39 Nearly Finished; 12 More Miles Open Today". Peoria Journal-Star – via Newsbank.
  19. ^ a b c d Bessert, Chris (January 2, 2008). "Highways 30-39". Wisconsin Highways. Self-published. Retrieved January 12, 2008.[self-published source]
  20. ^ a b Walters, Steven (January 16, 1996). "US 51 will become I-39 between Portage, Wausau". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved January 12, 2008.
  21. ^ Bessert, Chris (January 2, 2008). "Highways 70-79". Wisconsin Highways. Self-published. Retrieved January 12, 2008.[self-published source]
  22. ^ Wisconsin State Trunk Highway Logs:
    • Southwest Region Staff (December 31, 2008). State Trunk Highway Log for Southwest Region (XLS). Madison, WI: Wisconsin Department of Transportation. 039N.
    • North Central Region Staff (December 31, 2008). State Trunk Highway Log for North Central Region (XLS). Rhinelander, WI: Wisconsin Department of Transportation. 039N.
  23. ^ Wisconsin Department of Transportation. "Exit numbers on US 51 and I-39". Exit numbers on Wisconsin's freeways. Wisconsin Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on June 7, 2007. Retrieved June 30, 2007.
  24. ^ Wisconsin Department of Transportation (December 31, 2017). Designated Freeways & Expressways (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Madison: Wisconsin Department of Transportation. Retrieved April 4, 2020.
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